{"id":4720,"date":"2024-03-27T03:44:18","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T07:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kingdomresourcesforchrist.com\/?post_type=article&#038;p=4720"},"modified":"2025-08-08T13:08:40","modified_gmt":"2025-08-08T17:08:40","slug":"native-american","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/article\/native-american\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5317\u7f8e\u6d322\u3011\u4ea6\u56fd\u4ea6\u6c11\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vkl.umo.mybluehost.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/aborigines-native-american01.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u56db\uff0c\u5168\u7f8e\u5408\u5bb6\u56e2\u805a\u5171\u5e86\u611f\u6069\u8282\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u8352\u8005\u5982Pilgrims\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u57281621\u5e74\u5e86\u795d\u4e30\u6536\u8fc7\u51ac\u7684\u8282\u65e5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u56fd\u6b87\u65e5\u300d\uff08National Day of Mourning\uff09\u3002\u81ea1970\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5728\u611f\u6069\u8282\u53d1\u6e90\u5730\u9ebb\u5dde\u7684\u666e\u5229\u8305\u65af\uff08Plymouth, Massachusetts\uff09\u53d1\u8d77\u6297\u8bae\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u8981\u5524\u9192\u4e16\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u8e0f\u8db3\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u90a3\u4e00\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d7\u4fb5\u7565\u548c\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e4b\u65f6\u3002\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65e5\u611f\u6069\u4e0e\u54c0\u60bc\u5e76\u5b58\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u8bbd\u523a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u805a\u7126\u7f8e\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u7d27\u7d27\u76f8\u6263\u3002\u6614\u65e5\u662f\u5168\u7f8e\u571f\u5730\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u6ca6\u4e3a\u96d5\u96f6\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u6df1\u53cd\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ea6\u56fd\u4ea6\u6c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c3d\u4e0d\u5b9e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u7531\u4ea6\u56fd\u59cb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e9\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb\u6218\u4e89\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u5217\u5f3a\u4e3a\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u5927\u9646\u5efa\u7acb\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u548c\u5404\u5730\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u7ed3\u76df\u7acb\u7ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6297\u654c\u56fd\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u3002\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u662f\u5404\u56fd\u907f\u514d\u6b63\u9762\u4ea4\u950b\u7684\u300c\u7f13\u51b2\u56fd\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e50\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5272\u636e\u7684\u7fa4\u96c4\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u53ca\u81f3\u7f8e\u56fd\u57281812\u5e74\u518d\u6218\u8d25\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7c89\u788e\u82f1\u56fd\u652f\u63f4\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u53cd\u7f8e\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u53c8\u548c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5173\u7cfb\u6e10\u8d8b\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u62b5\u6297\u5217\u5f3a\u7f13\u51b2\u56fd\u7684\u529f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u987f\u65f6\u6210\u4e3a\u5411\u897f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65cf\u7fa4\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a.\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u4e2d\u4e4b\u56fd<\/strong>\ufe30\u7f8e\u56fd\u7acb\u56fd\u660e\u8ba2\u4eba\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u53d7\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5df2\u5217\u660e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u975e\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u4e43\u5c5e\u300c\u65cf\u56fd\u300d\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u8986\u76d6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u56fd\u4ea6\u975e\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u884c\u4f7f\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5185\u4f9d\uff08domestic dependent\uff09\u56fd\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\uff08plenary\uff09\u7ba1\u6cbb\u6743\uff0c\u4fe8\u7136\u5982\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u76d1\u62a4\u4eba\uff08guardian\uff09\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u53d7\u76d1\u62a4\u8005\uff08ward\uff09\uff0c\u5f02\u4e8e\u56fd\u4e0e\u56fd\u5e73\u7b49\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b.\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5374\u6210\u6c11\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6c11<\/strong>\ufe30\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u3002\u4f46\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u72ec\u7acb\u5f00\u59cb\u76f4\u81f31920\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u65cf\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u56fd\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u5c3d\u5931<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a.\u5916\u4ea4\u6761\u7ea6<\/strong>\ufe30\u4ece\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u56fd\u7686\u901a\u8fc7\u6761\u7ea6\u53d6\u5f97\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6743\uff0c\u81f3\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u82f1\u653f\u6743\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u6cbf\u7528\u3002\u653f\u5c40\u65e2\u53d8\uff0c\u5728\u52bf\u5b64\u529b\u5f31\u4e0b\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u53ea\u597d\u5c31\u8303\u7b7e\u7ea6\uff0c\u5272\u8ba9\u5927\u91cf\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5219\u8d4b\u4e88\u6709\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u5176\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u4e0d\u5c11\u8bc8\u9a97\u884c\u8d3f\uff0c\u8bf1\u9a97\u65cf\u957f\u540c\u610f\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6761\u6587\u4e0b\u7b7e\u7ea6\u3002\u56fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u7acb\u56fd\u8d77\u81f31912\u5e74\u90fd\u6cbf\u7528\u6b64\u653f\u7b56\u5438\u53d6\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u571f\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b.\u8fc1\u571f\u653f\u7b56<\/strong>\ufe30\u57fa\u4e8e\u5404\u5dde\u4e8e\u7acb\u56fd\u521d\u671f\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e1c\u5cb8\uff0c\u6563\u5c45\u8fd9\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5df2\u4e27\u5931\u4e0d\u5c11\u5bb6\u56ed\uff0c\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u963b\u788d\u7f8e\u56fd\u7586\u754c\u6269\u5f20\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u56fd\u4f1a\u57281830\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u8fc1\u5f99\u6cd5\uff08Indian Removal Act\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u884c\u8fc1\u571f\u653f\u7b56\uff08relocation\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bc6\u897f\u897f\u6bd4\u6cb3\u4ee5\u897f\u571f\u5730\u4ea4\u6362\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u884c\u6b64\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u662f\u6770\u514b\u900a\u603b\u7edf\uff08Andrew Jackson\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9047\u4e0a\u987d\u5f3a\u627a\u6297\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4ea6\u7528\u5206\u5316\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e0e\u65cf\u5185\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7ed3\u76df\u3002\u59821835\u5e74\u5f53\u5c40\u4fbf\u7ed5\u8fc7\u53cd\u5bf9\u642c\u8fc1\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6d3eCherokee\u65cf\uff0c\u4e0e\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u867d\u7136\u65cf\u7fa4\u9886\u8896\u62d2\u7edd\u627f\u8ba4\u5e76\u575a\u62d2\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u6770\u514b\u900a\u5374\u57281838\u5e74\u4e0b\u4ee4\u519b\u961f\u5f3a\u884c\u903c\u8fc1\uff0c\u62bc\u89e3\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u65cf\u4eba\u5f92\u6b65\u4ece\u4e54\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u897f\u884c\u4e00\u5343\u4e09\u767e\u82f1\u91cc\u3002\u65f6\u503c\u9686\u51ac\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u4eca\u65e5\u5965\u514b\u62c9\u8377\u9a6c\u5dde\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u5df2\u9ad8\u8fbe\u56db\u5343\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u53f2\u79f0\u8840\u6cea\u4e4b\u65c5\uff08Trail of Tears\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u547d\u8fd0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7eb3\u5dde\u4e0d\u613f\u8fc1\u5c45\u7684Potawatomies\u65cf\uff0c\u5bb6\u56ed\u53ca\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u4fbf\u88ab\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u6c11\u5175\u711a\u70e7\u6b86\u5c3d\u3002\u53ea\u597d\u5728\u519b\u961f\u62bc\u89e3\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5f52\u8def\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u582a\u8428\u65af\u5dde\u7684\u9014\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5c11\u5e7c\u7ae5\u611f\u67d3\u4f24\u5bd2\u4e27\u547d\uff0c\u4e8e\u53f2\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u65c5\uff08Trail of Death\uff09\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c.\u5206\u571f\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u7eed\u6e10\u897f\u79fb\uff0c\u53d7\u653f\u5e9c\u5b89\u6392\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\uff08reservations\uff09\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u591a\u504f\u8fdc\u8d2b\u810a\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u56fd\u4eba\u5206\u533a\u800c\u5c45\u3002\u5185\u6218\u540e\u518d\u5ea6\u6380\u8d77\u897f\u90e8\u62d3\u8352\u7684\u70ed\u6f6e\uff0c\u6d8c\u5165\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u65b0\u79fb\u6c11\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e0e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u53d1\u751f\u78e8\u64e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u9694\u5f0f\u751f\u6d3b\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u7531\u4e8e\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u5168\u9762\u62d3\u5c55\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u6a2a\u8d2f\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ea4\u901a\u53d1\u8fbe\u66f4\u4ee4\u519b\u961f\u8fc5\u901f\u8c03\u5175\u9063\u5c06\uff0c\u8fdb\u5360\u6563\u5c45\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u9a71\u9063\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u3002\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u4e0d\u8bba\u65b0\u65e7\uff0c\u65f6\u800c\u963b\u6321\u8def\u8f68\u548c\u7535\u62a5\u7ebf\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u8d22\u56e2\u4f01\u56fe\u5f00\u53d1\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5982\u77f3\u6cb9\u3001\u6797\u6728\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u77ff\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1887\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u914d\u571f\u5730\u6cd5\uff08General Allotment Act \u6216Dawes Act\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u65cf\u7fa4\u9886\u571f\u5206\u62c6\u7ed9\u4e2a\u522b\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e3b\u53ef\u5f97\u4e00\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4ea9\uff0c\u5341\u516b\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5355\u8eab\u8005\u5f97\u516b\u5341\u4ea9\uff0c\u800c\u5341\u516b\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53ef\u83b7\u56db\u5341\u4ea9\u3002\u53d7\u5730\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u7b54\u5e94\u5b66\u4e60\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u519c\u8015\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u501f\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u7c4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u653f\u7b56\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5206\u6d3e\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5356\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u53c8\u4ee5\u4f4e\u4ef7\u79df\u4e88\u5f00\u53d1\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u76f4\u81f31934\u5e74\u8fd9\u9879\u5206\u5730\u653f\u7b56\u624d\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u5168\u7f8e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u5931\u53bb\u571f\u5730\u9ad8\u8fbe\u4e5d\u5343\u4e07\u4ea9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u5730\u8d28\u8d2b\u810a\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u6996\u9ea6\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u504f\u8fdc\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fd0\u8f93\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u571f\u5730\u5206\u914d\u540e\u96f6\u661f\u6563\u843d\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e92\u52a9\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u751f\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3\u3001\u6c11\u4e2d\u6c11\uff0c\u5389\u884c\u540c\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a.\u56f4\u56f0\u533a\u5185\uff1a<\/strong>\u81ea\u4ece\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u6559\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u66fe\u4efb\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e13\u5458\uff08Commissioner of Indian Bureau\uff09\u7684\u534e\u6cd5\u84dd\uff08Francis Waller\uff09\u5728\u51761872\u5e74\u65bd\u653f\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c06\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u56f4\u5c45\u533a\u5185\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u540c\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8d8a\u754c\u7684\u65cf\u4eba\u4f1a\u7531\u76d1\u5bdf\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u8d1f\u8d23\u9063\u8fd4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b.\u6559\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\uff1a<\/strong>\u683c\u5170\u7279\u603b\u7edf\uff08Ulysses Grant\uff09\u9274\u4e8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5f81\u897f\u70ed\u6f6e\u9020\u6210\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4e0e\u767d\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0d\u65ad\uff0c\u4e8e1871\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5b58\u653f\u7b56\uff08peace policy\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u5165\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u53ca\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8d35\u683c\u4f1a\uff08Quakers\uff09\u66f4\u4ee5\u5c0a\u91cd\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4e3a\u9996\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u4f0d\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u5c06\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u539f\u5219\u6eb6\u5165\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u57f9\u517b\u9053\u5fb7\u4fe1\u5ff5\u53ca\u5728\u804c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u683c\u5170\u7279\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u4e8e1869\u81f31985\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5386\u4efb\u4e0d\u5c11\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u7684\u4ee3\u529e\uff08agent\uff09\u6216\u603b\u76d1\uff08superintendent\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5374\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u56fd\u4f1a\u53ca\u6bd7\u90bb\u767d\u4eba\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7ecf\u8d39\u6052\u5e38\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0d\u6df1\uff0c\u8bef\u4f1a\u65f6\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u66f4\u5bf9\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u8fb9\u754c\u5c01\u9501\u6781\u4e3a\u53cd\u611f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0e\u76d1\u519b\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5404\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4ece\u524d\u7ebf\u9000\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c.\u6539\u98ce\u6613\u4fd7<\/strong>\uff1a\u75311880\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u81f31920\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u8981\u52a0\u5feb\u540c\u5316\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u9042\u8ba2\u5b9a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7981\u4ee4\uff08Code of Indian Offenses\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u59bb\u5236\u3001\u4e27\u793c\u3001\u5deb\u672f\u884c\u533b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f20\u7edf\u821e\u8e48\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u7981\u4e4b\u5217\u3002\u8fdd\u89c4\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u76d1\u7981\u5341\u81f3\u4e5d\u5341\u5929\uff0c\u6216\u5265\u593a\u653f\u5e9c\u8865\u7ed9\u8fbe\u4e09\u5341\u5929\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6709\u4e9b\u98ce\u4fd7\u5982\u821e\u8e48\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u7981\uff0c\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4ea6\u57281933\u5e74\u5e9f\u6b62\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u5bf9\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\u9020\u6210\u6781\u5927\u6253\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>d.\u5bc4\u5bbf\u5b66\u6821<\/strong>\ufe30\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u53c8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u540c\u5316\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5728\u513f\u7ae5\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u5f81\u5f97\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u5b69\u7ae5\u624d\u53ef\u5728\u5bc4\u5bbf\u5b66\u6821\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u7ecf\u5e38\u5f3a\u8feb\u53cc\u4eb2\u5c31\u8303\u3002\u5b69\u7ae5\u591a\u534a\u79bb\u4e61\u80cc\u4e95\uff0c\u5230\u8fdc\u79bb\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u3001\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u5174\u529e\u7684\u5bc4\u5bbf\u5b66\u6821\u5c31\u8bfb\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u5bc4\u5bbf\u5b66\u6821\u63a5\u53d7\u5168\u9762\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u526a\u53d1\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u65cf\u7fa4\u7537\u5b69\u7684\u803b\u8fb1\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u6821\u670d\u66ff\u4ee3\u65cf\u670d\uff0c\u6388\u4e88\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6559\u4e49\uff0c\u4e25\u7981\u65cf\u8bed\u4ea4\u8c08\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6301\u5b88\u56fa\u6709\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u9700\u51fa\u5e2d\u6559\u4f1a\u795f\u62dc\u7b49\u3002\u6821\u89c4\u4e25\u8c28\uff0c\u60e9\u5904\u4e25\u5389\u3002\u96c6\u8bad\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u884c\u6559\u5316\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u56fa\u6709\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u65cf\u88d4\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u4ee4\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u5b69\u7ae5\u53d7\u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u521b\u4f24\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vkl.umo.mybluehost.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/aborigines-native-american02.JPG\" alt=\"Cherokee\u65cf\u88ab\u8feb\u5f37\u884c\u9077\u5f99\" width=\"597\" height=\"199\">\u25b2\uff08\u5de6\uff091838\u5e74Cherokee\u65cf\u88ab\u8feb\u5f3a\u884c\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u9686\u51ac\u4e2d\u5f92\u6b65\u897f\u884c\u4e00\u5343\u4e09\u767e\u82f1\u91cc\u3002\u4f24\u4ea1\u60e8\u91cd\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u53f2\u79f0\u300c\u8840\u6cea\u4e4b\u65c5\u300d\u3002 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\ufe30http:\/\/interactive.wxxi.org\/files\/images\/highlights\/Trail_of_Tears.JPG<br>\u25b2\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u5b69\u7ae5\u5728\u5bc4\u5bbf\u5b66\u6821\u63a5\u53d7\u5168\u9762\u6539\u9020\uff0c \u88ab\u8feb\u526a\u53d1\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u65cf\u7fa4\u7537\u5b69\u7684\u803b\u8fb1\uff09\u3002\u96c6\u8bad\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u884c\u6559\u5316\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u56fa\u6709\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u65cf\u88d4\u8eab\u5206\u3002 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\ufe30http:\/\/explorepahistory.com\/kora\/files\/1\/2\/1-2-C2F-25-ExplorePAHistory-a0j6u5-a_349.jpg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u975e\u56fd\u975e\u6c11\uff0c\u865a\u6709\u5176\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\u3001\u975e\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e8c\u5ea6\u8fc1\u5f92<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u57281953\u5e74\u81f31960\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u884c\u975e\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\uff08termination policy\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u627f\u8ba4\u5df2\u53d7\u540c\u5316\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e3a\u300c\u65cf\u56fd\u300d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65cf\u56fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u6301\u6709\u56fd\u4e2d\u4e4b\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u65ad\u7edd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u88ab\u8feb\u53d8\u5356\u571f\u5730\u6216\u5411\u94f6\u884c\u62b5\u62bc\uff0c\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u8fbe\u4e00\u767e\u65cf\u3002 1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u66f4\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u53ca\u90ca\u533a\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u91cd\u65b0\u8fc1\u5f99\u81f3\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08relocation center\uff09\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5931\u53bb\u65cf\u7fa4\u8ba4\u77e5\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\u3001\u4f3c\u6c11\u975e\u6c11\uff0c\u5f92\u5177\u865a\u540d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a.\u51fa\u751f\u65e0\u540d\uff1a<\/strong>\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u539f\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ed1\u5974\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u56e0\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u89e3\u653e\u9ed1\u5974\u7684\u5185\u6218\u540e\uff0c1866\u5e74\u91cd\u4fee\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u660e\u6587\u89c4\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u6c11\u6743\uff0c\u9ed1\u5974\u91cd\u83b7\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5baa\u6cd5\u6761\u6587\u91cd\u7533\u8fd9\u9879\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7f8e\u5185\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u60df\u4e00\u5728\u672c\u571f\u51fa\u751f\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u975e\u767d\u4eba\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b.\u6295\u7968\u65e0\u95e8\uff1a<\/strong>\u540e\u6765\u57281887\u5e74\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\u5206\u571f\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5c11\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u62ff\u5230\u516c\u6c11\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u81ea\u613f\u5165\u4f0d\u53c2\u519b\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u90fd\u81ea\u52a8\u6210\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u57281924\u5e74\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u516c\u6c11\u6cd5\uff08Indian Citizenship Act\uff09\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u5168\u7f8e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5165\u7c4d\u6743\u3002\u4f46\u76f4\u81f31960\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ecd\u672a\u80fd\u884c\u4f7f\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u6c11\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6743\uff0c\u6789\u8bba\u4eba\u6743\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u81ea\u884c\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u5de7\u7acb\u540d\u76ee\u963b\u6b62\u65cf\u4eba\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u5dde\u5185\u5c45\u6c11\uff1b\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7f34\u7eb3\u7a0e\u6b3e\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u82f1\u6587\u8bfb\u5199\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\uff0c\u5343\u65b9\u767e\u8ba1\u62e6\u963b\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u884c\u4f7f\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ea6\u56fd\u4ea6\u6c11\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u80af\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u906d\u53d7\u8df5\u8e0f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u57281965\u5e74\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6743\u6cd5\uff08Voting Rights Act \uff09\u5426\u5b9a\u5404\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6295\u7968\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u6295\u7968\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u6c11\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u9f13\u5439\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4ea6\u5426\u5b9a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u975e\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u5e76\u57281975\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u65cf\u7fa4\u6743\u6cd5\uff08Indian Self-Determination Act\uff09\uff0c\u300c\u65cf\u56fd\u300d\u8eab\u5206\u91cd\u65b0\u5f97\u5230\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u76f4\u81f32012\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5df2\u6709564\u4e2a\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002 2009\u5e74\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u603b\u7edf\u7b7e\u7f72\u5bf9\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u9053\u6b49\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fc7\u53bb\u9971\u53d7\u79bb\u4e61\u80cc\u4e95\u4e4b\u82e6\uff0c\u56f4\u57ce\u548c\u5f3a\u884c\u540c\u5316\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u64bc\u52a8\u4e86\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u533a\u5730\u5904\u504f\u8fdc\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u8d4c\u4e1a\u5f00\u59cb\u9762\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5c11\u5176\u4ed6\u5dde\u5408\u6cd5\u8d4c\u573a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6536\u5165\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u5c11\u4e8e1%\u7684\u5404\u65cf\u7fa4\u5728\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b4%\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6743\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u9762\u5bf9\u6ee1\u9014\u8346\u68d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vkl.umo.mybluehost.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/aborigines-native-american03.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b21965\u5e74\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6295\u7968\u6743\u6cd5\u5426\u5b9a\u5404\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6295\u7968\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u6295\u7968\u4e86\u3002<br>\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\ufe30http:\/\/itcaonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/IMGP4772.jpg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/shen-guo.org\/focus.html#aborigines\">\u70b9\u51fb\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u6000\u5168\u7403\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vkl.umo.mybluehost.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tan-rui-ling.JPG\" width=\"76\" height=\"93\"><a><\/a>\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0f\u6863\u6848\uff1a<br>\u8c2d\u745e\u73b2\uff0c\u613f\u4ee5\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u773c\u5149\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u65e7\u7ea6\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5ba1\u89c6\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f31\u52bf\u7fa4\u4f53\u53d1\u58f0\uff0c\u5f70\u663e\u795e\u56fd\u516c\u4e49\u3002\u73b0\u4e3a\u300a\u4e49\u663e\u4e4b\u58f0\u300b\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-4720_1e8b43-7b .kt-block-spacer{height:60px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-4720_1e8b43-7b .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#eee;width:80%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-4720_1e8b43-7b\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><hr class=\"kt-divider\"\/><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6bcf\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u56db\uff0c\u5168\u7f8e\u5408\u5bb6\u56e2\u805a\u5171\u5e86\u611f\u6069\u8282\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u8352\u8005\u5982Pi\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":302,"featured_media":13597,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":""},"issue":[198],"section":[],"class_list":["post-4720","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","issue-issue-32"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"issue":[{"value":198,"label":"32\u671f"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/e-krc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/aborigines-native-american01.JPG",600,326,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"\u8b5a\u745e\u73b2","author_link":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/author\/tan-ruiling\/"},"comment_info":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/4720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/302"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue?post=4720"},{"taxonomy":"section","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-krc.org\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/section?post=4720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}